Clinical Applications of Finacea cream
Finacea cream (Azelaic acid 15%) has a wide range of clinical applications. Such as acne, rosacea, melasma, and malignant lentigo.
Acne
Characteristics:
Mainly affects areas with abundant sebaceous glands such as the face, back, and chest, most commonly during adolescence. The condition involves abnormal keratinization of pilosebaceous ducts, inflammatory responses, and bacterial activity (Propionibacterium acnes), leading to chronic inflammation and lesions.
Treatment:
Azelaic acid inhibits Propionibacterium acnes, has anti-inflammatory effects, and mildly exfoliates the skin. It is a second-line topical treatment for mild to moderate acne, used twice daily. Results are typically seen after four weeks, with treatment lasting about six months. According to the American Academy of Dermatology guidelines, azelaic acid is recommended for acne treatment with an A-level strength of evidence and a high-grade recommendation.
Rosacea
Characteristics:
Mainly presents as persistent redness in the central facial area, accompanied by telangiectasia, papules, pustules, and burning or itching sensations. It is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease of uncertain etiology, primarily seen in individuals with fair skin.
Treatment:
Azelaic acid reduces inflammatory lesions and erythema by inhibiting reactive oxygen species and keratinization processes. It helps improve papules, pustules, and erythema associated with rosacea. Common concentrations are 10%, 15%, or 20% in creams or gels, applied twice daily.
Melasma
Characteristics:
Appears as irregularly shaped patches of pigmentation on the face. These patches vary in size and are often brown or tan in color. The condition has a complex etiology and is prone to recurrence.
Treatment:
Azelaic acid can inhibit melanin production by affecting tyrosinase activity, reducing hyperpigmentation. Concentrations of 15%-20% are typically used. It is applied twice daily for about six months and is mainly used for treating epidermal melasma.
Malignant Lentigo
Characteristics:
This condition features dark patches, uneven pigmentation, or mottled discoloration, primarily on sun-exposed areas like the face, arms, and shoulders. Lesions are often irregular in shape. Some cases may involve dermal pigmentation.
Treatment:
Azelaic acid helps improve abnormal pigmentation by promoting the renewal of epidermal keratinocytes and increasing cellular turnover. It reduces discoloration and brightens the skin. Studies have shown that azelaic acid, used for over five years, can achieve significant clearance in patients with malignant lentigo and help maintain results.